FILMINER TECHNOLOGY PTE.LTD.

CARTON PACKAGING MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:47:45+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/metal-conveyor-belts/

Packing Belt Conveyor
The principle of plate chain assembly line is to use the chain plate to drag the workpiece for plane transmission movement to achieve the purpose of production technology. The conveying is stable and there is no relative movement between the material and the belt conveyor, which can avoid damage to the conveyor. Low noise, Guonuo's metal belt conveyor is suitable for creating a quiet working environment. Simple structure and easy maintenance. Low energy consumption and low cost. Contact for quality metal separator conveyor now!

ALUMINUM METAL CONVEYOR BELTS PROCESS SPECIFICATIONS AND PARAMETERS
1. The length of the line body is calculated according to the assembly process arrangement of the product.

2. The height of the plate chain line is 2 meters, and the height of the working table is determined by the height of the product.

3. Line width: 350-1500mm, freely determined according to the product specification.

4. Assembly line configuration:

(1) Fluorescent lamp

(2) Electric fan

(3) Air pipe is equipped with a quick interface

(4) Process drawing board

(5) Toolbox is equipped with a 220VAC power socket

(6) Steel chain

(7) Steel chain board

5. Power configuration: electromagnetic speed regulation or variable frequency speed regulation control.

6. Conveying speed: 0.4-4m/min, which can be contacted and operated intermittently.

7. The chain plate of our wire mesh chain conveyor can be made of plastic steel, stainless steel, and other materials. In addition to the transportation of ordinary materials, it can also meet the requirements of food, pharmaceutical, daily chemical, electronic and electrical appliances, and other industries.

8. The structural forms of chain plate line include: straightness, turning, climbing, and other forms. A lifting baffle and other accessories can be added to meet various process requirements.

9. The assembly line adopts the combined assembly mode, and the number of stations can be set according to the process requirements.

10. The station is equipped with a power socket, toolbox, material box, etc., which makes the whole process fast and orderly.

Now the price of automatic sleeve wrapping machine is low, if you have needs, please contact us.

L SEALER MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:47:06+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/l-sealer-machine/

Guonuo's l type sealer machine is a high-speed L-sealing solution for wrapping using Bopp film. The L type sealer machine is often linked with Guonuo's heat shrink tunnel machine to fulfill the heat shrink process.

Guonuo's L sealer machine is ideal for high speed, providing excellent performance and high cost-efficiency. The capacity of this L-type seal packing machine can be up to 20 packs per minute. The operator is only served to monitor, load packets, and replace the film.

L SEALER FOR SALE

Automatic L Sealer Machine
As an entry-level economical sealing and cutting machine, the automatic L-shaped sealing, cutting and shrinking packaging machine has a simple and reliable structure, and has all the functions of automatic film feeding, punching, sealing and cutting like other L-bar sealer machines.

Vertical Sealing Machine
Automatic vertical l sealer machine is upgraded from the l sealer machine, which is suitable for packaging the taller or thinner products. The sealing line is firm and in the middle of one side with good appearance.

L SEALER MACHINE VIDEO
Guonuo's L-type sealer machine has our specific characteristics as below.

- Fully automatic

- L-sealing

- Big Man-machine interface

- Adopts import PLC

- Preset programs

- Digital display

- Pre-settable product counters

- Alarm display

- Waste film recycling

- Stable conveyor

- Easy to replace film

L SEALER MACHINE WORKING PRINCIPLE
The l sealer machine for sale only uses center-folded film which can be made by bopp, pe, or other heat shrink film.

As the film is pulled off the roll, a flat and horizontal guide/loading tray separates the two layers. One layer is under the tray and the other is held above the tray. This allows the operator to place the product on the tray between the two layers of film in the corner formed by the fold and the front edge of the film.

The film, containing the product, is pulled forward into the sealing area. A sealing bar in the form of an “L” is pulled down. After the conveyor feeds the product into the film, the L-bar sealer machine can measure the length of the product and perform sealing automatically by the sensor and the sealing jaws.

Once sealed, the closed pouch is then moved into a heat shrink tunnel by the soft conveyor automatically, shrinking and tightening the film. The left lateral film which is trimmed off during the packaging process is automatically rolled up on a waste film recycle reel after the sealing and cutting.

Now the l sealer machine price is low, anything you need, please contact us.

LINED CARTON PACKING MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:46:26+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/lined-carton-packing-machine/

LINED CARTON PACKING MACHINE
BOPP tape is used for sealing, and the sealing is smooth. Guonuo's lined carton packing machine has a wide range of applications and can be adjusted manually to adapt to the packaging of boxes of different sizes. You can spot the application of our lined carton packing machines widely in carton covering and tape sealing in food, medicine, toys, tobacco, daily chemical, electronic cigarette, and other industries.

LINED CARTON PACKING MACHINE TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
Machine ModelGNC-05
Minimum Carton SizeL200×W120×H120mm
Maximum Carton SizeL600×W500×H500mm
Belt Speed20 m/min
Air Pressure0.6 Bar
Suitable TapeW48 / 60 / 75mm
Power Supply220Vac 50/60Hz 0.4KW
Machine DimensionL1700 × W930 × H1510mm
Gross Weight180Kg

Lined Carton Packing Machine Features
01
Our lined carton sealing machine is fast and convenient to adjust the carton specification. When changing the specification, just manually adjust the width and height, which is simple and clear.

02
The transmission mode of this auto carton sealing machine is driven by high-power motor and belts on both sides to ensure smooth conveying operation.

03
Wiring or stand-alone operation can be carried out, and the upper cover and upper and lower surface sealing can be completed at one time.

04
The adhesive tape has precise and firm structure, smooth operation and long service life.

05
Our lined carton packing machine series has improved its production efficiency by 50% and saved consumables by 5-10%.

HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:45:47+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/horizontal-form-fill-seal-machine/

The horizontal form fill and seal machine is an automatic continuous shrinkage packaging equipment, which is characterized by the fast temperature rise of the sealing knife, good stability, and low maintenance cost. The shrinkage temperature and motor transmission speed of our horizontal form fill seal packaging equipment is stable and adjustable, and the adjustment range is wide. The original roller rotation device can work continuously. As one of the mature horizontal form fill seal machine manufacturers in China, Guonuo can provide you with quality horizontal FFS machines at great prices! Feel free to contact at any time.

TYPES OF HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL MACHINES
Horizontal Form Fill Seal Fruit Packaging Machine
GN-ZB-250B HFFS pillow packaging machine is an entry-level automatic horizontal FFS machine in the form fill flow packaging machine series.

Horizontal FFS Cookie Wrapping Machine
GN-ZB-320D Horizontal Flow Wrapping machine（HFFS）adopts the upper film structure and makes a 3-side pillow pack.

Daily Necessities Hffs Pillow Packing Machine 450X
GN-ZB-450X daily necessities dishwasher and chopsticks flow packaging machine（HFFS）is a fully automatic pillow packaging machine specially designed for the packaging of daily necessities.

Hffs Hardware Pillow Packing Machine 350X
GN-ZB-350XSF pillow packaging machine can accurately and quickly provide the sealing of plastic bags. We can also customize your horizontal form fill seal machine according to the size or length of customers' materials.

HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL MACHINE VIDEO
GN-ZB-320S Pillow type packaging machine can be used for single packaging, or multiple cakes can be stacked together for packaging. The form of the bag is serrated and easy to tear, which is basically in line with the packaging mode of cake food commonly seen in the market. The pillow packing machine is controlled by a double frequency converter, which has good equipment stability, low noise, fastpacking speed, higher yield, and packaging aesthetics.

Workflow of the horizontal flow wrap machine: the operator manually stacks a single cake or multiple cakes together and puts them into the conveyor belt of the packaging machine. The cake is sent to the packaging machine for packaging through the conveyor belt. The packaging process is completed through film rolling, cutting, and finished product output. Easy to operate and multi-purpose, our horizontal form fill and seal machines are suitable for soft, strip, and unorganized objects such as towels, paper towels, noodles, egg rolls, sausages, fish, popsicles, soft candy, fresh fruits, and fresh vegetables.

HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL MACHINE ADVANTAGES
Controlled by a dual-frequency converter, the bag length of our horizontal form fill seal machine can be set and cut immediately without adjusting the empty walk. It can be achieved in one step, saving time and film.

Human-machine interface, convenient and fast parameter setting.

The fault self-diagnosis function and the fault display are clear at a glance.

High sensitivity photoelectric eye color mark tracking and digital input of sealing and cutting position to make the sealing and cutting position more accurate.

Independent PID control of temperature is better suitable for various packaging materials.

Positioning shutdown function, without sticking knife and wasting coating.

The transmission system of the horizontal form fill and seal machine series is simple. Its work is more reliable and the maintenance is more convenient.

We can also offer sorts of sleeve wrapping machine for sale, if you are interested, please leave us a message.

HORIZONTAL FFS COOKIE WRAPPING MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:45:13+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/horizontal-ffs-cookie-wrapping-machine/

Guonuo's horizontal FFS cookie wrapping machine, cookie packaging machine, cookies filling machine is controlled by an inverter. It is very suitable for packing biscuits, candy, instant noodles, bakery, cookies, chocolates, and the candy-confectionery industry.

HORIZONTAL FFS COOKIE WRAPPING&FILLING MACHINE TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
Machine ModelGN-ZB-320D
Film WidthMax 350mm
Bag Length65-190 / 90-220 / 120-280/ 150-330 mm
Bag Width50-160mm
Product HeightMax 45mm / 60mm
Film Roll DiameterMax 320mm
Packing Speed40-230bpm
Power Supply220Vac 56/60Hz 2.4KW
Machine DimensionL3770 × W670 × H1450mm
Gross Weight500Kg
Remarks: The packaging film can be connected under the normal working state of the machine, saving time and high efficiency

VIDEO OF HORIZONTAL FFS COOKIE WRAPPING MACHINE
Automation in packaging is increasingly important to meet rising production demands. Learn more about our high speed horizontal flow wrapper!

Horizontal FFS Cookie Wrapping Machine Main Parts Configuration
Main Parts Configuration (In case of replacement, the same grade shall prevail)
No.ComponentsBrand
1PLCPANASONIC JAPAN
2InverterPANASONIC JAPAN / SHIHLIN TAIWAN
3Touch ScreenXINJIE/MCGS CHINA
4Temperature ControllerALSET CHINA
5PhotocellALSET CHINA
6EncoderRONGDE CHINA
7Two Position SwitchGLELE CHINA
8Proximity SwitchENVK TAIWAN
9PowerMINGWEI TAIWAN
10Solid State RelaySCHNEIDER GERMANY
11Intermediate RelayOMRON JAPAN

Horizontal FFS Cookie Wrapping Machine Features
01
This cookie horizontal form fill seal machine is ideal for small-scale production with a compact design, takes up litter space.

02
Man machine interface, convenient and fast parameter setting.

03
Similar to the fruit packing equipment, our cookie packaging equipment also has a self-diagnosis function to display mechanical faults in time.

04
The cantilever design structure of our biscuit packing machine can facilitate the cleaning and maintenance of the machine at ordinary times.

05
Temperature independent PID control, better suitable for all kinds of packaging materials.

06
With reel automatic centering fastening mechanism and reel braking system top frame.

07
Three rollers are used for film pulling and transverse sealing

08
Guonuo's biscuit packaging machine has a simple mechanical transmission system is simple, which is more reliable and convenient.

If you want to know more about biscuit packing machine price, please visit our website.

As one of shrink tunnel machine manufacturers, we will do our best to meet all the needs of customers.

HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL FRUIT PACKAGING MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:44:32+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/horizontal-form-fill-seal-fruit-packaging-machine/

Horizontal form fill seal fruit packing machine, fruit wrapping machine has the same functions and ease of use as high-performance models. Because of its high-cost performance, our fruit packing equipment for sale can provide the most suitable packaging options for start-up companies. It is mainly used for packing all kinds of regular shape objects such as single fruit or tray.

HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL FRUIT PACKAGING MACHINE TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
Machine ModelGN-ZB-250B
Film WidthMax 240mm
Bag Length（Double Knives）65-190mm
Bag Length（Single Knive）120-280
Bag Width30-110mm
Product HeightMax 45mm
Film Roll DiameterMax 320mm
Packing Speed40-230bpm
Power Supply220Vac 56/60Hz 2.4KW
Machine DimensionL3760 × W670 × H1510mm
Gross Weight550Kg
Remarks: The packaging film can be connected under the normal working state of the machine, saving time and high efficiency

VIDEO OF HORIZONTAL FORM FILL SEAL FRUIT PACKAGING MACHINE
The packaging of fruits has always been a problem. How can we preserve the fruits for a longer time?

Flow wrapping machine offers you the answer. Check out this video to learn more!

FRUIT PACKAGING MACHINE BENEFITS
High speed fruit or vegetable pillow packaging machine is compatible with different forms of composite packaging materials. Double servo control is adopted, and the bag length is set and cut immediately. When changing different varieties, it does not need to be adjusted many times. It is in place in one step, saving time and film. The operation of the whole machine is simple and perfect. It is a perfect solution for the food and packaging industry to improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity and improve packaging grade. It adopts imported PLC control, servo motor drive, Chinese man-machine interface, LCD touch screen parameter setting and input. Manual feeding, automatic conveying and sealing mode, driven by servo system, fast packaging speed, low failure rate and simple maintenance. It is mainly suitable for packing all kinds of irregular articles, sticky articles and solid objects.

Horizontal Form Fill Seal Fruit Packaging Machine Main Parts Configuration
Main Parts Configuration (In case of replacement, the same grade shall prevail)
No.ComponentsBrand
1PLCPANASONIC JAPAN
2InverterPANASONIC JAPAN / SHIHLIN TAIWAN
3Touch ScreenXINJIE/MCGS CHINA
4Temperature ControllerALSET CHINA
5PhotocellALSET CHINA
6EncoderRONGDE CHINA
7Two Position SwitchGLELE CHINA
8Proximity SwitchENVK TAIWAN
9PowerMINGWEI TAIWAN
10Solid State RelaySCHNEIDER GERMANY
11Intermediate RelayOMRON JAPAN

Horizontal Form Fill Seal Fruit Packaging Machine Features
01
Double motors, double frequency converters and PLC control. The bag length of our fruit packing machine for sale is set and cut immediately. There is no need to adjust the empty walk, one step in place, saving time and film.

02
Man machine interface, convenient and fast parameter setting.

03
Having a fault self-diagnosis function, our vertical fruit packaging machine is able to display mechanical faults at a glance.

04
High sensitive photoelectric eye tracks with standard and digitally inputs the sealing and cutting position to make the sealing and cutting position more accurate.

05
Temperature independent PID control, better suitable for all kinds of packaging materials.

06
Positioning stop function, no sticking knife, no waste of coating.

07
The mechanical transmission system of our fruit packing equipment for sale is simple, which is more reliable and more convenient.

08
All controls are realized by software, which is convenient for function adjustment and technical upgrading, and will never lag behind.

Now the fruit packing machine price is reasonable, anything you need, please contact us.

If you want to know more kinds of blueberry packing machine, blueberry packing machine, please visit our website.

As a side sealing machine manufacturer, we can offer kinds of related products for sale, anything you need, please leave us a message.

SIDE SEALER(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:43:56+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/side-sealer/

Guonuo's side sealer is ideal for medium speed, providing excellent performance and high cost-efficiency with the function of film feeding punching, coating, sealing, and cutting waste film recycling. The capacity of our side sealing machine can be up to 30 packs per minute. The operator is only served to monitor, load packets, and replace the film.

SIDE SEALING MACHINE SPECIFICATION
Machine ModelGNL-5570C（ Side Sealing Machine）
Packaging SizeL（no limit） W+H＜620mm H＜170mm
Packaging Speed0-40 bpm
Width of Surveyor555mm
Height of Table 820mm±50mm
Sealing knife Size600
Power Supply3Ф 380Vac / 1Ф 220Vac 50Hz 10A
Power3KW
Air Pressure6kg/cm3
Net Weight300kg
Machine DimensionL1850 X W1100 X H1536mm

SIDE SEALER APPLICATION
The side sealing machine is also known as the full-automatic side sealing and cutting machine, which is often matched with the heat shrinkable furnace. As a fully automatic and unmanned film sealing and cutting packaging machine, it is a heat shrinkable packaging equipment often used by people at present, and is not affected by the length of the sealed and cut products, and has a wide range of applications. It is widely used in doors and windows, hardware products, beverages and food, tea, local specialties, drinks, candy, biscuits, and even medicine. The photoelectric switch is used to automatically detect the position of the product, which is controlled in cooperation with PLC to realize the automatic unmanned packaging process and improve the packaging efficiency. It can be applied to products of different types and irregular shapes.

SIDE SEALERS TYPES

High Speed Automatic Side Sealing Machine
High-Speed Automatic Side Sealing machine adopts advanced edge sealing and reciprocating horizontal sealing technology, with continuous sealing function. The servo control system can achieve a perfect heat shrinkable packaging effect on the premise of high efficiency.

Economical PE Film Vertical Side Sealing Machine
GNL-5545C side sealing cutting machine is a full-automatic and unmanned edge sealing and cutting machine, which is widely used in the flow operation of mass production and packaging.

SIDE SEALER VIDEO
The scene in the video is the film outer packaging for the small fan of the customer's electric cabinet, which can reduce the scratch and wear during transportation, save labor and improve efficiency. The side sealer machine produced by our company is widely used in the film outer packaging of electrical appliances, machinery, hardware, retail, and other accessories.

SIDE SEALER WORKING PRINCIPLE
The control system of our side sealing and cutting machine is composed of PLC, touch screen, frequency converter, etc.

The side sealing knife adopts an imported Teflon anti-sticking and anti-loss design, and the sealing is firm without cracking and sticking.

Automatic film feeding, automatic product feeding, sealing, and cutting.

The longitudinal side sealer knife can ensure continuous sealing and cutting, and the length of the product is not limited.

Adopt an independent motor to control automatic waste recycling.

Suitable for side sealing machine and cutting POF and other shrinkable films.

SIDE SEALER CHARACTERISTICS
To make the sealing and cutting faster and achieve a good appearance effect, we, a professional packing machine manufacturer, apply the servo motor to control the motion of the knife.

The transverse side sealing cutting machines are controlled independently. We can adjust the height of the blade according to the packaging product.

A side sealer is used to achieve the unlimited length of product sealing and cutting.

big screen Man-machine interface is used to set all the parameters of temperature, speed, and time arbitrarily.

Imported PLC programmable controller is to make the edge sealing machine more stable and easy to operate.

Achieve accurate feeding length freely by setting the parameters of the time.

The side sealing and cutting machine knife is made of special materials with high strength and is not easy to deform. The knife coating is used of American DuPont Teflon coating, anti-adhesion, high-temperature resistance, and stable and firm sealing.

Using the man/auto mode, you can replace the shrink film of the Bopp side sealing machine conveniently.

If you want to know more about side sealing machine price, please contact us.

We can offer kinds of l sealer shrink wrap machine for sale, anything you need, please leave us a message.

VERTICAL SEALING MACHINE(2023年03月13日)

filminer — 2023-03-13T11:43:17+0900

https://www.guonuogz.com/products/vertical-sealing-machine/

Vertical Sealing Machine
vertical l bar sealer is a full-automatic and unmanned L-shaped sealer developed by Guonuo. This vertical packing machine series is widely used in the flow operation of mass production and packaging. Able to automatically feed, transport, seal and shrink at one time, our vertical continuous sealing machine has high work efficiency and is especially suitable for products with higher and larger sizes. The sealing part is driven vertically up and down, and the sealing contact surface is uniform. The vertical drive can overcome the problems of wrinkle and sealing line not in the middle of the product in the traditional "L" automatic sealing and cutting packaging machine, and achieve an excellent sealing effect.

VERTICAL SEALING MACHINE TYPES
Vertical Pe Film L Sealing Machine
Vertical L Sealing PE Film Shrink Wrapping Machine

VERTICAL L SEALER SPECIFICATION
A fully automatic vertical up and down sealing and cutting shrink packaging machine is a fully automatic shrink packaging machine with a high degree of automation, which can automatically complete the steps of feeding, film wrapping, sealing and cutting, shrinking, etc. Heat shrinkable packaging effect without wrinkle, no need for personnel operation, high work efficiency. The packaged items can achieve the effect of sealing, moisture-proof, and pollution-proof, and protect the items from external impact.

VERTICAL L BAR SEALER CHARACTERISTICS
The fully automatic and unmanned "L" vertical upper and lower sealing and cutting machine is widely used in the flow process of mass production and packaging. It has high work efficiency. The automatic film feeding and punching device, the manually adjusted film guiding system, and the manually adjusted feeding and conveying platform are suitable for products of different widths and heights. We have also designed special sealing functions for small packaging products.

The automatic vertical packing machine is suitable for large batch shrink packaging in software, food, cosmetics, printing, pharmaceutical, flooring, ceramics, beverages, hardware, and other industries

VERTICAL CONTINUOUS SEALING MACHINE FEATURES
The sealing knife is made of American DuPont Teflon coated anti adhesion and high temperature resistant aluminum alloy knife, which will not crack, coking, smoke and zero pollution.
Vertical l bar sealer is equipped with imported photoelectric detector, one group for horizontal and one group for vertical detection, which is easy to switch and select. For thin and small packages, the sealing and packaging operation can be easily compl
Automatic feeding, and the length can also be automatically adjusted through the combination of electric eye and timer. Continuous sealer vertical is equipped with induction motor, automatic waste coiling.

Some Related Terms of Filecoin(2022年09月16日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:36:28+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

1. Address
In the Filecoin network, an address is a unique encrypted value used to publicly identify a user. This value, a public key, is paired with the corresponding private key. The mathematical relationship between the two keys is such that access to the private key allows the creation of signatures that can be verified with the public key. Filecoin uses the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham (BLS) signature scheme specifically for this.

2. Blockage

In a blockchain, a block is the basic unit of record. Each block is cryptographically linked to one or more previous blocks. Blocks typically contain messages related to some state tracked by the blockchain, such as financial records.

3. Blockchain

Fundamentally, a blockchain is a system of record where new records or blocks are cryptographically linked to previous records. This structure is the foundational component of a secure, verifiable, and distributed transaction ledger.

4. Block height

A block of height a corresponds to the number of epochs through which the block was added to the previous blockchain. The height of the Filecoin blockchain is defined as the maximum height of any block in the blockchain.

5. Capacity Commitment

If storage miners do not find any attractive available transaction proposals, they can also make capacity commitments to fill sectors with arbitrary data instead of customer data. Maintaining this sector allows storage miners to prove that they are reserving space on behalf of the network.

6. Collateral

In order to conclude a storage transaction, storage miners need to provide FIL as collateral to be paid to clients as compensation in the event that the miner fails to meet their storage commitments.

7. Transaction

Two participants in the Filecoin network can come to an agreement where one party signs a service contract with the other party. The Filecoin crypto specification currently details storage transactions (in which one party agrees to store data for the other party for a specified length of time) and retrieval transactions (in which one party agrees to transmit specified data to the other party).

8. Elections
Every epoch, a small fraction of Filecoin's storage miners are elected to a new block of the Filecoin blockchain. The probability of a miner being selected is roughly proportional to their share of the total storage capacity of the Filecoin network.

9. Times

Time in the Filecoin blockchain is discretized into epochs that are currently 30 seconds in length. Each epoch, a subset of storage miners is elected to add a new block to the Filecoin blockchain via Winning Proof-of-Spacetime.

10. FIL

FIL is the name for Filecoin's monetary unit; it can also be represented by the double-stroke (⨎) Unicode symbol for points.

11. Faucet

One tap is to provide free service FIL. Typically, faucets are run for the benefit of new users in the network, providing them with the seed capital they need to start transacting.
12. Fault

When a storage miner fails to complete window verification for a given sector, the Filecoin network registers a fault for the sector and the miner is slashed. If storage miners don't resolve failures quickly, the network thinks they've given up on their commitments.
13. Filecoi

The term Filecoin is generally used to refer to the Filecoin project, protocol and network.

14. Certainty
Finality refers to the immutability of messages and states recorded to the Filecoin blockchain. As new blocks are added to the blockchain, it becomes increasingly difficult to change old blocks until they become practically unmodifiable. The expiry period is the amount of time that must elapse before time is considered a block to be completely unchanged. In the current mainnet, this is constructed as 900 epochs.

15. Gas
Gas is a property of a message that corresponds to the resources involved in including that message in a given block. For each message contained in a block, the creator of the block draws a fee from the sender of the message; this fee is proportional to the gas of the message.

16. Information

The term message is used to refer to data stored as part of a block. A block can contain multiple messages.

17. Miners

The Filecoin project uses the term miner to refer to participants in the network that provide valuable services to customers. Currently, the Filecoin specification recognizes two types of miners: storage miners and retrieval miners.

18. Pledge storage

The storage capacity that miners commit to reserve for the Filecoin network through proof-of-replication is called pledged storage.

FIL MINER provides digital currency mining, coin app mining and etc. If you want to know more about digital coin mining and filecoin price chart, contact us.

If you want to know filecoin coin price or the details of miner block extension, please visit our website.

The Principle and Operation of Filecoin(2022年09月14日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:34:38+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

Do you already know a platform that enables users with computers to store files and get paid? If you've read our post on what is Filecoin, you know what we're talking about. If you haven't already, we'll briefly summarize what Filecoin is, how its platform works, and how to mine FIL tokens.

Ⅰ. What is Filecoin?

Created by Protocol Labs, Filecoin is a decentralized storage network that aims to transform cloud storage into an algorithmic marketplace. This is a very novel and useful platform because it allows users to store files, turn their computer into a kind of database, and let them earn tokens as a reward. If you want to buy filecoin token, FILMINER would be a great platform for you.

The FIlecoin network is inspired by Web3, an advanced software development architecture that eliminates centralization. Filecoin can also provide file storage services for other decentralized platforms, and realize transaction interaction with other blockchain platforms to promote interoperability.

Filecoin is complemented by IPFS, IPFS Filecoin mining is a protocol for storing and sharing data on a distributed network. That is, all Filecoin nodes are IPFS nodes and can use libp2p to connect to other IPFS nodes and get data in IPLD format from other IPFS nodes.

Both systems are free, open source and share many components.

Ⅱ. How does Filecoin work

The Filecoin ecosystem consists of 3 types of entities:

1. Customers: Users who pay to store files through storage miners. Users can negotiate storage with any miner on the network, choosing cost, redundancy, and speed by choosing the miner whose storage product best suits their needs.

2. Storage miners: Storage miners are computers responsible for storing files, and in return, they are rewarded with Filecoin's native token FIL. Miners receive their payments only when the network can verify that their services are being provided correctly.

3. Recovery miners: Recovery miners ensure data is restored to the network. In other words, they are responsible for providing the data requested by the user. Unlike storage miners, they are not obligated to commit to storing data or provide proof of storage.
The Filecoin network runs the protocol between clients and storage "contract" miners.

When a client chooses a specific miner to store its files based on its capacity, duration, and price, it freezes enough funds in the associated wallet to cover the total cost of the contract. After miners accept the transaction, the storage protocol is released.

The client then prepares the data for storage and transmits it to the miner. In turn, miners pack the data into a sector, seal it and start sending proofs to the chain. Once the first confirmation is received, the client is confident that the data has been stored correctly and the transaction has officially started. During a transaction, miners send successive proofs to the chain. Miners are penalized if proofs are lost or delayed.

FIL MINER provides file sharing cryptocurrency, filecoin crypto and etc. If you want to know more about filecoin price or buy filecoin token, contact us.

If you want to know filecoin coin price or the details of proof of capacity blockchain, please visit our website.

The Technical Background of Filecoin(2022年09月13日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:30:58+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

Filecoin's vision is to provide data storage and retrieval services across the network through a blockchain with incentives to reduce the cost of data storage and usage. Since it is a blockchain, it also needs a consensus mechanism, that is, it needs to answer "how are the blocks of the Filecoin blockchain generated".

The well-known proof-of-work (POW) consensus mechanism requires miners to rely on the computing power of machines to continuously perform hash calculations. Miners who can solve the problem within a short period of time are eligible to generate the next block. That is, the probability of a miner producing a block is theoretically proportional to the computing power of the machine, thus giving birth to professional miners. However, the only role of this hash calculation is to provide network security without generating any other contributions, which is why POW has been criticized as consuming resources.

The "computing power" in Filecoin not only protects network security, but also provides functional guarantees for the system. The "computing power" in Filecoin is called storage computing power. Simply put, miners who store more data for the network have more storage computing power. This is advantageous in the next round of competition for storage rights. Miners with large computing power can not only protect system stability at a security level, but also store data and provide data integrity for users.

Ⅰ. The mechanism of Filecoin

For POW that continuously calculates the hash, it takes a long time. Once the calculation is successful, the calculation result can be quickly verified by other miners. But Filecoin's storage computing power is different. Storage computing power refers to how much data miners store on their local disks. This is something that other miners cannot directly verify, so Filecoin's consensus mechanism must confirm at least two things:

1. Whether the miner claims to store data on its disk;

2. Does the miner claim that the stored data has been stored on its disk before it expires.

To confirm these two points, Filecoin proposes two mechanisms: Proof of Replication (PoRep) and Proof of Space-Time (PoSt).

The core idea of proof-of-replication is that miner "A" can submit a PoRep certificate to the entire network to confirm that there is a backup of some data on its storage device, which other miners can quickly verify. However, miners may launch malicious attacks. For example, a malicious miner claims to the whole network that he has saved n copies of data, but the miner creates multiple nodes or shares data through multiple miners. Only one backup of this data is saved. Want to learn more about Filecoin and get Filecoin news? FILMINER could help you with it!

Ⅱ. PoRep consensus algorithm

Backups are used to complete all checks when certificates are issued to the entire network. In this way, users who spend money on redundant backups lack data security, and malicious miners use n storage spaces to earn n shares. The key lies in the design of the PoRep consensus algorithm.

After research, the PoRep consensus algorithm needs to meet the following requirements:

1. Miners need to perform encryption operations when storing data. This operation should be non-parallel and take a long time;

2. When extracting data, decrypt the data. The operation should take a short time;

3. The process of generating PoRep certificates from encrypted data should be fast;

4. The verification process of PoRep certificates should be fast.

For requirement one, it is the time cost of increasing miners to store data. Subsequent operations such as proof of generation are based on encrypted data, which makes it impossible for malicious miners to temporarily generate encrypted data to generate within the valid time. The second requirement is that when files need to be extracted, there is no need for a large computational resource overhead, otherwise the cost of the Filecoin system will be very high. For requirements three and four, this is because miners need to generate PoRep certificates within the stipulated time. If miners encrypt and store the stored data as required for a long time, the time to generate the certificate should be very short. This ensures that miners can prove their storage within a specified time, as verified by other miners.
Proof-of-replication PoRep ensures that miners are indeed storing specific data at a specific time. However, there is no guarantee that miners will store data over time based on user requirements, such as discarding data after PoRep certificates are generated. This is the problem that Proof of Spacetime PoSt solves. In simple terms, PoSt requires storage miners to generate proofs at regular intervals, which requires miners to generate a series of PoRep certificates at certain intervals.

In summary, PoRep is a snapshot of time when miners store files as requested, and PoSt is proof that miners stored files for a certain period of time.

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Filecoin's Storage Problem(2022年09月12日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:23:10+0900

https://www.filminer.co/product

1. Filecoin storage proof

Underlying many blockchain networks is the notion that participants provide something of value to the blockchain—a contribution that is hard to fake, but if it does, it can be easily verified. Blockchains based on this approach are generally considered to require "Proof of X," where X is a valuable contribution. The Filecoin blockchain values the contribution of storage capacity; it is based on a novel proof-of-storage structure that differentiates it from other blockchains that typically require a contribution of computing power.

As a term, Proof of Storage refers to a design element of the Filecoin protocol that allows one to guarantee (with a very high degree of tolerance) that a participant who claims to provide a given amount of storage has actually fulfilled that promise. In fact, Filecoin's proof-of-storage structure provides a stronger claim, allowing one to effectively verify that a participant has stored specific data without having to own a copy of the file itself.

Note: "Proofs" here are used in an informal sense - usually, these proofs take the form of probability theory, rather than concrete proofs. That is to say, it is technically possible to convince other participants that one is contributing and one is not contributing, but this is very unlikely to happen. If you want to get more information about Filecoin and filecoin FAQs, FILMINER would be a great platform for you.

2. Filecoin Proof of Replication (PoRep)

Proof of replication is the process by which storage miners can prove to the Filecoin network that they have created a unique copy of some data on behalf of the network.

3. Filecoin Proof of Time and Space (PoSt)

Proof-of-Spacetime is the process by which storage miners can prove to the Filecoin network that they continue to store unique copies of certain data on behalf of the network. The time and space of verification is embodied in two different varieties of Filecoin in this specification: the time and space of window verification and the time and space of award-winning verification.

4. Filecoin quality-adjusted storage capacity

The storage capacity that storage miners receive from storage transactions provided by verified clients will be increased by a multiplier. The total power that takes this multiplier into account is called a mass adjustment.

5. Filecoin retrieval miners

A retrieval miner is a Filecoin participant who enters into retrieval transactions with clients, agreeing to provide a client FIL with a specific file in exchange. Note that, unlike storage miners, retrieval miners don’t get the additional ability to add blocks to the Filecoin blockchain; their only return is the fees they withdraw from clients.

6. Filecoin cuts

When a failure is registered as a sector, the Filecoin network will slash the storage miner that should be the storage sector; that is, it will evaluate the penalty (paid out of the miner's collateral) on the miner for failing to fulfill their storage promise. When a cut occurs, the miner's power for the relevant sector is subtracted from the miner's total power for election purposes.

7. Filecoin storage miners
Storage miners need to save files and facilitate their uploading and downloading. Therefore, storage miners will require a lot of hard disk space, as well as a large bandwidth, peer-to-peer bandwidth for upstream and downstream.

In the storage market, users need to pay the miners for storing data; the storage market is traded on the Filecoin chain, and the storage miners submit a copy proof to the system. The copy proof is like a receipt after storing data, which proves to the system that the miner has stored data, so as to participate in the distribution of new coins.

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Filecoin Mining(2022年09月11日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:21:07+0900

https://www.filminer.co/product

Since Filecoin is a decentralized storage network that acts as a place for participants to rent out hard drive storage space, Filecoin's mining process is slightly different from traditional cryptocurrency mining techniques. In Filecoin mining, miners do not create new coins, but instead provide storage space and methods to easily access stored data. Depending on the exact function of the miners, they are divided into three different types:

1. Storage miners

They are the most critical part of the network because miner servers are the ones that provide storage space for different clients on the network. They are incentivized using Filecoin or FIL and require the use of cryptographic computational code to verify each storage transaction. Unlike traditional coin mining, the incentivized increase in Filecoin mining is based on the amount of storage provided to clients, not the ability of the hardware to crack cryptographic hashes.

2. Retrieve miners

Once data is stored, clients need to be provided with an easy way for miners to access the data, unlike the way data is stored for them. This data retrieval is a task performed by retrieval miners who have been incentivized to retrieve data based on their bandwidth and initial response time to clients. If miners cannot provide a fast data retrieval pipeline, their motivation may be greatly reduced.

3. Repair miners

This type of miner will be added to the network to increase the speed of transactions and rewards, while properly maintaining the data stored and the fast pipelines needed to retrieve it. This idea, while good, has not yet been implemented by Filecoin. It is not fully understood how these miners will be paid, or more appropriately, what incentives they will receive.

After placing the storage space on the network for customers to see, they can choose to work with specific miners. Once a client chooses a miner to rent storage space, they enter into an agreement, called a transaction in Filecoin terminology. Clients need to deposit funds into wallets for the entire duration of the transaction, and miners should accept the terms of the transaction before the transaction can be published on the network.

After the transaction is published, the client sends the prepared data to the miner for storage. Once the miner receives this data, it is put into a sector and then blocked. Once this process is complete, the miner server will send a proof to the network to add to the chain for confirmation. After confirmation, the customer can be sure that the data has been stored, which marks the beginning of the transaction.

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Filecoin's Business Background(2022年09月10日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:07:11+0900

https://www.filminer.co/product

With the continuous development of computer technology, more and more data are generated. According to statistics, the newly generated data grows exponentially every year. And with the continuous popularization of IoT technology and 5G technology in the future, the speed of data production will also accelerate. Therefore, data storage and transmission are likely to become a bottleneck restricting technological development. The Filecoin technical solution is to solve the problem of data storage and transmission.

1. Filecoin transactions

In 2017, the Filecoin project raised 186 million yuan in one hour, and finally raised a total of 257 million yuan, which is one of the largest financings in the history of blockchain. Filecoin has also received investment from many well-known institutions such as Sequoia Capital and Winklevoss Capital.

Filecoin aims to provide two P2P network-based trading markets - data storage market and data retrieval market to meet the needs of different users for data storage and retrieval. In the storage market, users with storage resources can contribute their own storage resources to provide storage services for users with storage needs. Both parties use Filecoin tokens for transaction settlement. In the retrieval market, users with bandwidth resources can provide data retrieval and download services for the Filecoin market. Both parties to the transaction will use Filecoin tokens for transaction settlement.
Filecoin will encourage more people to use idle machine resources through the Token Economy, provide efficient data storage and retrieval services through a completely peer-to-peer network architecture, and reduce data storage and usage costs. This is a decentralized architecture, which means that data is not controlled by a centralized organization, so data privacy can be better protected.

2. Filecoin token distribution

Filecoin's token distribution strategy is also worth reviewing. Of all tokens, 70% will be allocated to Filecoin network mining rewards to maintain the operation and stability of the system; 15% will be allocated to Filecoin's development team, Protocol Labs. This 15% will be mainly used for project research and development, marketing, etc. 10% will be allocated to investors, with lock-up periods ranging from 6 months to 3 years, to maintain partnerships and business development. The last 5% will be allocated to the FIL Foundation. The development team has a 6-year lock-in period to ensure long-term network management, public work, community building, etc.

To sum up, the number of tokens allocated to miner accounts is overwhelming, and the tokens of the team and foundation have a 6-year lock-up period. The distribution of tokens fully considers the incentives for miners and users. These assignments will greatly increase the user's confidence in the system.

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The Relationship Between Filecoin and Ipfx(2022年09月09日)

filminer — 2022-09-09T10:04:49+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

1. Filecoin and IPFX

When it comes to Filecoin, you have to consider IPFS (Interplanetary File System). Both projects are maintained by Protocol Labs. Many people confuse the two projects, but they are two completely different products.

IPFS is not a blockchain project. It is a protocol that handles the distribution and location of data, similar to the current HTTP protocol. The difference is that IPFS data transmission is based on a peer-to-peer P2P network. The more nodes participating in data transmission, the faster the transmission efficiency, similar to the commonly used torrent download protocol. Current data storage in the IPFS network is entirely voluntary. Popular resources may be stored in multiple nodes, and some unevaluated data may be flushed from the system cache.

As a blockchain project, Filecoin takes the token economy as the core, which can make up for the lack of data storage incentives in IPFS. IPFS-based applications have very high requirements on data storage and the number of nodes, but if there is no incentive mechanism, no one is willing to contribute their own resources for free. Filecoin miners can contribute many nodes and resources to the IPFS network through economic incentives, so we generally believe that Filecoin exists as an IPFS incentive layer and has a complementary relationship.

IPFS and Filecoin are independent of each other, because the two are not coupled in the technical system, which means that FIL filecoin can operate independently of IPFS, and IPFS can also choose other incentive methods. The main network of IPFS has been online since 2015 and is running well. The combination of the two can produce wonderful chemistry, and the two complement each other to build an imaginative world of data distribution and storage.

2. Filecoin - How to mine?

Filecoin testnet Lotus has been released. According to the official statement, Lotus is an experimental implementation of Filecoin, independent of the go-Filecoin code of the main network. But Lotus also implements a series of functions such as wallets, miners, PoRep, and PoSt.

To be clear, Lotus is an experimental product of Filecoin, while go-Filecoin is a complete implementation of the final mainnet.

According to the official deployment document, a machine with a minimum hardware configuration in the Lotus test network requires at least: 2TB hard disk space, 8-core CPU, and 128GB memory. Although these hardware standards may be modified as the code is iterated, it has been prohibitive for most private miners. But one possible approach is to combine some inexpensive devices into clusters to provide similar capabilities. There are few related cases of cluster deployment in the industry, and this approach may work.

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Filecoin General Purpose Mining Hardware(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:07:26+0900

https://www.filminer.co/product

2022-05-16
Fliecoin mining basically provides storage space by miners, which is a unique feature of this decentralized storage network. Filecoin mining is followed by an agreement or transaction between the client and the miner, who then blocks the client's data. This encapsulation of data requires specific hardware and mining architecture, and participants can only mine if these requirements are met.
Occasionally, other workers other than miners are present in the frame to help with sealing tasks, and the distribution of work in these settings is very different from a setup where only miners are responsible for sealing tasks. Mentioned below are all the general requirements that must be met in order to mine and receive rewards. After that, specific hardware details are mentioned for each operation type.
Ⅰ. If all mining operations are performed by one machine, then filecoin miners need to ensure that the following hardware is present in this machine:
1. CPU
A multi-core CPU is required, we recommend that you use an 8+ core CPU that supports Intel SHA Extensions: AMD. Protocol Labs itself has AMD processors, and it recommends multi-core CPUs, which will speed up the time to perform the seal. The faster the archiving process, the faster the information can be uploaded onto the network, and storage fees can be charged. For multi-core CPUs, a high clock frequency is a must, otherwise the memory mining process may be severely affected.
2. RAM
Currently the sectors that can be blocked on the Filecoin network are 32 GiB and 64 GiB. To be able to perform the necessary calculations for the sealing process, a larger RAM of at least 128 GiB is required. Not only that, but you should always have a fast 256 GiB NVMe SSD storage medium on hand for swapping out RAM. The higher the RAM, the faster the process will be for you.
3. GPU
Much like CPUs, GPUs must be powerful and fast to perform computations within a time frame. The Lotus GPU is currently recommended as it supports chips made by NVIDIA.
4.Disk
A slow disk will reduce the performance of the miner. 1TiB of NVMe-based disk space is recommended for cache storage, and a slow disk or less RAM should always be used for fast swapping with an SSD with more disk space to maintain high performance for miners. If you want to buy filecoin, FILMINER would be a great platform for you to invest in filecoin.
Ⅱ. You also need to consider the following basic requirements for Filecoin storage mining:
1. Storage
The necessary storage for miner servers can be rented out by customers, and the minimum storage requirement for storage miners to pledge Filecoin is 1TiB of original storage. For mainnet, the requirement increases to 100 TiB. Storage miners are required to pay special attention to storage requirements, as there are severe penalties for losing data of any kind.
2. Network
10GbE+ NICs and switches are recommended, especially when using network attached storage.
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The Advantages and Future of Using Filecoin(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:06:58+0900

https://www.filminer.co/product
2022-05-15
Filecoin is a decentralized storage provider. Instead of entrusting your documents to one company, you can split and save your documents on different computers around the world.

Filecoin is a decentralized protocol where anyone can rent out spare storage space on their computer.

Ⅰ. What are the advantages of using Filecoin?
Filecoin has many advantages over centralized data storage solutions. They include:
1. Cost: This should reduce prices by creating a larger free market for data storage.
2. Scale: Bringing together millions of computers around the world will create a huge storage network.
3. Economy: Instead of building new storage computers, Filecoin utilizes existing resources.
4. Security: A decentralized network means there is no single point of attack, making it harder to compromise.

Ⅱ. Are there any disadvantages of Filecoin?
1. Some potential problems with Filecoin are:
Speed: Instead of accessing one server, you need to access multiple servers to piece together documents when needed. It depends on server online and internet speed.

Dapp: By using the Filecoin crypto currency to process transactions, it creates a barrier to entry because someone has to buy another coin and exchange it to use the service.

2. Is Filecoin safe?
Saving your documents on other people's computers is risky. However, Filecoin splits the data, kind of like shredding it, so no one can piece it back together. However, it knows how the data fits together and rearranges when needed.

This means that hosts cannot simply hack documents on their computers and gain access to user files. If they try to crack it, they'll just find a bunch of meaningless data. If you want to invest in filecoin, FILMINER would be a great platform for you.

Ⅲ. How to mine Filecoin?
Filecoin miners are divided into three different stripes. There are storage miners, which are responsible for storing data on the Filecoin network; retrieval miners, which are responsible for retrieving files; and repairing miners that have not yet been implemented.

Storage miners earn Filecoin by storing customer data and providing proof of storage over time. Instead, retrieval miners earn Filecoin through bidding and mining fees for specific files determined by market value.

Ⅳ. The future of Filecoin
Cloud storage providers like Amazon and Google make a lot of money. This shows that the market demand is great.

If customers decide to trust decentralized services, they will find themselves saving a lot of money. The money will also go directly back into the economy as it goes to individuals and small businesses, which could have a significant positive impact on people's lives.
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Filecoin FAQ(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:06:27+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

2022-05-12
For the filecoin FAQ, let's take a look!

Ⅰ. The main use cases for Filecoin at mainnet launch

Filecoin is a protocol that provides the core primitives that enable a truly trustless decentralized storage network. These primitives and capabilities include publicly verifiable cryptographic proofs of storage, cryptoeconomic mechanisms (opens in new window), and public blockchains. Filecoin provides these primitives to solve the real challenge of creating a trustless decentralized storage network.

On top of the core Filecoin protocol, there are many Layer 2 solutions supporting a wide range of use cases and applications, many of which also use IPFS(opens in new window). These solutions include Powergate(opens in new window), Textile Center(opens in new window), and more. With these solutions, any use case that can be built on top of IPFS can also be built on Filecoin! Want to get more filecoin FAQs? FILMINER would be a great platform for you!

Some of the main areas of development that Filecoin is launching around the mainnet are:

1. Additional developer tools and layer 2 solutions and libraries that enhance Filecoin’s role as a developer platform and ecosystem.
2. IPFS applications that rely on decentralized storage solutions and require decentralized data persistence solutions.
3. Financial tools and services on Filecoin, such as wallets, signature libraries, etc.
4. Applications that use Filecoin's publicly verifiable cryptographic proofs in order to provide their users with trustless and time-stamped storage guarantees.
Ⅱ. If there is a fee to retrieve data from the Filecoin network, how can a website or application be free?
Most websites and apps make money by displaying ads. This type of revenue model can be replaced with a Filecoin incentivized retrieval setup where users can pay a small amount of FIL for any file they wish to download. Several large datasets are hosted via Amazon pay-per-download S3 buckets, and Filecoin retrieval can also easily augment or replace these datasets.

Ⅲ. How will Filecoin attract developers to use Filecoin for storage?
This will require a major shift in how we think about the internet. At the same time, it's a very exciting shift, and things are slowly moving in that direction. Browser vendors like Brave, Opera, and Firefox are investing in decentralized infrastructure.
We believe that the Internet must return to its decentralized roots to be resilient, robust and efficient enough to meet the challenges of the coming decades. The early developers in the Filecoin ecosystem are those who believe in the same vision and potential of the internet, and we are excited to partner with them to build this space.
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Knowledge for Filecoin Miners(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:06:00+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

2022-04-29
1. Do Filecoin miners need a fixed IP?
For mainnet, you will need a public IP address, but it doesn't need to be fixed (just accessible).

2. Has Filecoin confirmed the use of the SDR algorithm? Is there evidence of malicious construction?
SDR is confirmed and used, we have no evidence of malicious construction. The algorithm has also passed internal and external security audits.

3. Does Filecoin realize order matching between clients and miners through the order book?
There will be off-chain order books and miner marketplaces - some teams are working on it. They will mostly work off-chain, as transactions per second on-chain are not sufficient for our expected usage on Filecoin. These order books are built on the basic transaction flow on-chain. These order books will arrive on their own trajectory - most likely around or shortly after the mainnet launch.

4. Why does Filecoin mining work best on AMD?
Currently, Filecoin's Proof of Replication (PoRep) prefers to run on AMD processors. To be more precise, it runs much slower on Intel CPUs. It runs very fast on some ARM processors, such as those found in newer Samsung phones, but they lack RAM to seal larger sector sizes. The main reason we see this advantage on AMD processors is that they implement SHA hardware instructions. Want to buy filecoin? FILMINER is a great platform for you!

5. What do miners need to do to transform the committed capacity (CC) sector into a "real data" sector?
Miners will publish the storage transaction they will use to upgrade the CC sector, announcing to the chain that they are doing the upgrade, and proof to the chain that the new sector has been properly sealed. We hope to continue to develop and make this cheaper and more attractive overtime after the mainnet launch.
6. Will the existence of Filecoin mining pool lead to centralized storage, away from the vision of distributed storage?

No! Filecoin has created a decentralized storage network, in part by dramatically lowering the barriers to becoming a storage provider. Even with some large mining pools, anyone can join the network and provide storage with only modest hardware purchases, and we expect customers to store their files in many different miners.

Also, note that world location matters for mining: many clients prefer miners in specific regions of the world, so this enables many miners to be successful in places around the world with storage needs.
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Analysis of Some Problems with Filecoin Storage(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:05:29+0900

https://www.filminer.co/

2022-04-24
1. How expensive was Filecoin storage at launch?
Since Filecoin is a free market, the price will be determined by many variables related to storage supply and demand. It's hard to predict before release. However, some design elements of the network help support cheap storage.
In addition to revenue from active storage transactions, storage miners receive block rewards, where the expected value of winning a given block reward is proportional to the amount of storage they have on the network. These block rewards are heavily influenced in the early days of the network (the frequency of block rewards decays exponentially over time). Therefore, storage miners are relatively inclined to reduce storage fees to win more transactions, which will increase their expected block reward.
Additionally, Filecoin introduced a concept called Verified Clients, in which it is possible to verify that a client is actually storing useful data. Storage miners who store data from validating clients also increase their expected block rewards. Anyone running a Filecoin-backed IPFS pinning service should be eligible to be a verified client. We haven't finalized the verification process yet, but we expect it to be similar to submitting a GitHub profile.

2. Will storing data on Filecoin be cheaper than other centralized cloud services?
Filecoin has created an extremely competitive market for data storage. There will be many miners offering multiple prices instead of one fixed price on the network. We expect Filecoin's permissionless model and low barriers to entry to lead to some very efficient operations and cheap storage, but can't say an exact price until the network goes live.

3. After Filecoin is launched, what will happen to the existing content on IPFS? What if nodes continue to host content for free and break the Filecoin incentive layer?

IPFS will continue to exist as-is, enhanced by Filecoin nodes. There are many use cases that do not require economic incentives. Think of it like IPFS is HTTP and Filecoin is an S3-like storage cloud - only a fraction of the IPFS content will be there.

People who have unused storage space and want a monetary reward should commit the storage space to Filecoin, and customers who want guaranteed storage space should store this data with Filecoin miners.
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Overview and History of Filecoin(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:04:59+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/overview-and-history-of-filecoin
1. Overview of Filecoin
Filecoin is a decentralized data storage network built by Protocol Labs that allows users to sell excess storage space on an open platform. It acts as an incentive and security layer for IPFS (Interplanetary File System), a peer-to-peer network for storing and sharing data files. Filecoin turns IPFS' storage system into an "algorithmic marketplace" where users pay storage providers in Filcoin's native token, FIL, to store and distribute data on the network.
2. History of Filecoin
Filecoin is looking to provide an alternative to traditional online storage providers and protocols. Its technology acts as an incentive layer for the peer-to-peer file transfer system IPFS (Interplanetary File System), which uses a hash-addressable content structure to store data instead of centralized servers and IP addresses. This is to reduce redundancy, increase permanence and improve efficiency.
Filecoin incentivizes IPFS by rewarding storage providers and retrievers for contributing resources to the system. The network also comes with built-in Ethereum integration, allowing developers to access data on the Ethereum blockchain and interact with its smart contracts.
Filecoin is developed by Protocol Labs, a development company founded by Juan Benet in 2014. Benet and staff built both Filecoin and IPFS, raising several rounds of seed equity to fund the process. In 2017, the team held a token sale to secure development funding for Filecoin, and the project raised around $205 million through one of the largest token offerings at the time.
Protocol Labs seeks to build a base layer for data infrastructure that can be used by both blockchain and traditional providers such as Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. The project plans to do this by creating a marketplace where anyone with storage capacity can connect to the network to create an unused supply of storage in consumer hardware and in existing enterprise data centers. The Filecoin team believes this will lower storage prices, similar to how sharing economy companies like Airbnb have lowered short-term rental prices in a market traditionally dominated by large players with large capital needs.
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Filecoin Price (FIL / USD)(2022年)

filminer — 2022-08-19T10:04:25+0900

https://www.filminer.co/product

About Filecoin(FIL)
Filecoin mining is not GPU mining as POW workloads prove. Filecoin mining is based on storage consensus, the more data Filecoin miners store, the more storage capacity the miners have. This peer-to-peer network has built-in economic incentives to ensure files are stored reliably over time.
In Filecoin, users pay to store their files on storage miners. Storage miners are the computers responsible for storing files and proving that they are storing them correctly over time. Anyone who wants to store files or get paid for storing other users' files can join Filecoin. Available storage and the price of that storage are not controlled by any single company. Instead, Filecoin facilitates an open market for storing and retrieving files that anyone can participate in.
Filecoin includes blockchain and native cryptocurrency (FIL). Storage miners earn FIL units by storing files. Filecoin's blockchain records transactions that send and receive FIL, as well as proofs from storage miners that they are properly storing files.
Filecoin FAQ
1. What are the main applications of Filecoin?
Filecoin is a protocol that provides the core primitives that enable a decentralized storage network without trust. These primitives and functions include publicly verifiable cryptographic proofs of storage, crypto-economic mechanisms (opens in new window) and a public blockchain. Filecoin provides these primitives to solve the challenge of creating a decentralized storage network without trust.
2. If retrieving data from the Filecoin network costs money, how can we visit a website or app for free?
Most websites and apps make money by displaying ads. This type of revenue model can be replaced by a Filecoin incentivized retrieval setup where users can pay a small amount of FIL for any file they want to download. Several large datasets are hosted via Amazon's pay-per-download S3 bucket, and Filecoin retrieval can also replace them and be easily improved.
3. How does Filecoin attract developers to use Filecoin for storage?
This will make a huge shift in how we view the internet, at the same time, it's also an exciting shift, showing that things are slowly developing in that direction. Browser vendors like Brave, Opera, and Firefox are investing in decentralized infrastructure. We believe that the Internet must return to its decentralized roots to be resilient, robust and efficient enough to meet the challenges of the coming decades. The early developers in the Filecoin ecosystem are those who believe in the same vision and potential of the internet, and we are excited to partner with them to build it. Want to learn more about Filecoin? The latest Filecoin news are collected for you on Fil Miner.
4. Why does Filecoin mining work best on AMD?
Currently, Filecoin's Proof of Replication (PoRep) prefers to run on AMD processors. You can look through Filecoin Seal Instructions for more information. To be more precise, it runs much slower on Intel CPUs. It runs very fast on some ARM processors, such as those found in newer Samsung phones, but they lack the RAM to seal the larger sector. The main benefit on AMD processors is that they can implement SHA hardware instructions.
5. General hardware requirements
(1) Processors with more than 8 cores.
(2) Use a CPU model that supports Intel's SHA extensions: AMD with Zen microarchitecture, or Intel with IceLake. The lack of SHA extensions can cause significant slowdowns.
(3) At least 128GiB of RAM is required. To complement by 256GiB of swap on NVMeSSD storage media.
(4) Using a powerful GPU can significantly accelerate SNARK calculation.
(5) A slow disk can seriously affect the performance of Miner operations. A minimum amount of 1TiBNVMe-based disk space is recommended for cache storage. This disk should be used to store data during the sealing process, cache Filecoin parameters and serve as a general temporary storage.
(6) Additional hard drives are also required for eventual storage of sealed sectors, Lotus chains, etc.
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IPFS and Filecoin Analysis(2022年06月26日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:20:02+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/ipfs-and-filecoin-analysis

Filecoin and IPFS are complementary protocols for storing and sharing data in a distributed network. Both systems are free, open source, and share many building blocks, including a data representation format (IPLD) and a network communication protocol (libp2p). While interacting with IPFS does not require the use of Filecoin, all Filecoin nodes are IPFS nodes under the hood and (with some manual configuration) can use libp2p to connect to and fetch data in IPLD format from other IPFS nodes. However, Filecoin nodes do not join or participate in the public IPFS DHT.

This article aims to explain the relationship between IPFS and Filecoin and help users decide which approach is best for their use case.

I. IPFS and Filecoin data storage incentives

IPFS (opens a new window) allows users to store and transmit verifiable content-addressable data in a peer-to-peer network. IPFS users typically persist the data they want on their own IPFS nodes. This is called pinning(opens in new window), and data may sometimes be pinned(opens in new window) using a third-party pinning service or through individual IPFS user groups (like the IPFS Collaborative Cluster). Data exists on the network as long as one user stores it and can be made available to other users when requested by other users.

IPFS alone does not contain a built-in mechanism to incentivize others to store data. This is the challenge Filecoin aims to solve. Built on IPFS, Filecoin aims to create a distributed storage marketplace for long-term storage. Nodes with large storage capacity can rent their storage to users and get paid.

The Filecoin network ensures safe storage of data. However, the processes of storage, verification, and unsealing (referred to as sealing, attestation, and retrieval, respectively) are computationally expensive and can take time. This is especially important for data retrieval, which should be as fast as possible. For this reason, Filecoin enables an additional retrieval market where dedicated nodes can help quickly deliver content from the network for payment by keeping unsealed cached copies. This delivery mechanism may use IPFS, but is still being designed.

Filecoin is designed to increase long-term durability to securely store large batches of data, while IPFS is optimized for fast retrieval and distribution of content.

II. Using IPFS and Filecoin

(1) Content addressing with IPFS

IPFS is great for starting to use content addressing for various distributed web applications. In most instances:

1. The data is provided by the user's own node. Otherwise, one must rely on other peers to store data voluntarily/altruistically or rely on a centralized pinning service.

A centralized IPFS pinning service must be trusted to do its job. IPFS has no built-in provisions to verify that data is stored and served correctly by fixed services.

2. Popular content is easier to access. Popular content (there are many providers) will naturally become faster and easier to retrieve in IPFS, which is useful when there is an external incentive to sync and store data across multiple nodes, and where a strong social contract can be used to ensure that the content remains hosted and long-term.

(2) Use Filecoin for data persistence

Filecoin builds on IPFS' content addressing to increase long-term data persistence using cryptoeconomic incentives. Using Filecoin:

1. Clients make storage transactions with miners to store data. The network verifies that miners are storing the data correctly. Periodic micropayments are made during storage transactions.

2. Miners who do not comply with the storage protocol will be penalized.

3. Content retrieval may be provided by storage miners directly or by specialized retrieval miners. Users requesting data pay for this service.

4. Filecoin is good at storing large amounts of data for long periods of time.

Many solutions combine these two networks to achieve the best of both worlds: IPFS for content addressing and data discovery, and Filecoin for long-term persistence. To achieve this, services such as Powergate back up data on the Filecoin network while ensuring content is discoverable in the IPFS public DHT. Data is always available and quickly retrieved, while also ensuring secure and verifiable backups on the Filecoin network over time.

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How does the Filecoin Network Work(2022年06月25日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:19:26+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/how-does-the-filecoin-network-work

While Filecoin is similar to other cryptocurrencies, developers looking to build on the network should be aware of some differences.

1. Filecoin network

The Filecoin network is a distributed peer-to-peer network consisting of Filecoin nodes participating in different ways.

Peers communicate through secure channels, they are used to distribute information to the network, transfer data between them, and discover other peers, maintaining a well-connected swarm where information such as blocks and messages is available even in thousands of In the case of rapid flow of peer participation.

2. Filecoin node

Filecoin nodes or Filecoin clients are peers that synchronize the Filecoin blockchain and validate messages in each block, providing global state once applied.

Filecoin nodes can also publish different types of messages to the network via broadcast. For example, a client can publish a message sending FIL from one address to another. Nodes can propose storage and retrieval transactions to Filecoin miners and pay fees when executed.

Running a Filecoin node is a low-level task and usually means keeping the program running 24/7. There are several Filecoin Node implementations in development, Lotus being the most advanced.

3. Filecoin miners

Miners serve the network by executing different types of transactions and adding new blocks to the chain (every 30 seconds) and collect FIL rewards for doing so. From a miner's perspective, additional details on miner types, rewards, and transaction execution can be found in the "How Mining Works" section.

Running a Filecoin miner is a high-tech task with high hardware requirements and the necessary proofs to complete.

4. Filecoin transactions

There are two main types of transactions in Filecoin: storage transactions and retrieval transactions.

A storage transaction is an agreement between a client and a storage miner to store some data in the network. Once the transaction starts, and the miner has received the data stored, it will repeatedly prove to the chain that it is still storing the data according to the protocol so that it can collect rewards. If not, miners will be slashed and lose FIL.

A retrieval transaction is an agreement between a client and a retrieval miner (which may or may not be a storage miner) to extract data stored in the network (hopefully in a fast and reliable way). Unlike storage transactions, these transactions are done off-chain, using payment channels to incrementally pay for data received.

As mentioned above, storage miners must prove that they store data in accordance with the terms of the transaction. this means:

They must store all data submitted by the client; they must store it for the lifetime of the transaction.

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Notification of the modification of the daily amount of currency produced by the product(2022年06月24日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:18:53+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/FIL-currency-produced

As the rewards of the FIL mainnet continue to decrease, the daily currency production this month has been revised to 0.027 FIL. Please understand that the number of coins produced by the product will be revised at the beginning of each month.

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Filecoin will launch an EVM-compatible Filecoin virtual machine in phases, and the first phase version will be launched in the fourth quarter of 2021(2022年06月24日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:17:28+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/EVM-compatible-Filecoin

Filecoin will launch the Filecoin Virtual Machine (FVM) to introduce the programmability of smart contracts to the Filecoin network. The native code language of FVM is WASM (WebAssembly), which enables Web2 developers to invest in the development of Web3 faster. In addition, FVM will first achieve EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) compatibility, and Solidity developers can use Filecoin faster Deploy smart contracts. FVM will be launched in phases. The first phase is expected to launch non-programmable FVM on the Filecoin mainnet in the fourth quarter of 2021, which will only run system actors. The second phase introduces protocol forks (the first quarter of 2022), and introduces preparatory adjustments before developers can program, including gas mechanism and structural adjustments. The next two phases will introduce programmability, redesign the system role and deeper protocol changes to make it easier to program the system role, which is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2022.

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Filecoin Foundation Chairman Marta is a guest at Forkast to discuss Web 3.0 in depth(2022年06月23日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:16:13+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/Filecoin-Foundation-Chairman-Marta

The Internet is constantly iterating and upgrading, and I believe that almost everyone has heard of the concept of Web3.0.

Web3.0 is a very old topic. Since 2006, the term Web3.0 has received more and more attention and is also the focus of more and more controversies. This phenomenon has continued so far.

Yesterday, Brewster, the founder of Internet Archive, and Brewster, founder of Internet Archive, and Marta, Chairman of the Filecoin Foundation, co-hosted Forkast’s podcast, and discussed in depth how they use decentralized networks for Future users retain the Internet and think about Web 3.0. Co-hosted Forkast's podcasts, and discussed in depth how they use decentralized networks to preserve the Internet for future users, as well as their thinking on Web 3.0.

For Filecoin fans, we are also very concerned about Wbe3.0, what did Filecoin Foundation Chairman Marta talk about?

Marta, Chairman of the Filecoin Foundation:

For me, the coolest thing about decentralized networks is that they can store the most important information of humans. "Internet Archive" has been doing such an amazing job in protecting the Internet. Not only is your job protecting the Internet today, but your job can preserve the most important information of mankind in the future.

For me and Filecoin, Web 3.0 means creating a decentralized storage network, you don't have to rely on one or two big players to effectively store all the networks. Instead, it is the ability to create a system in which even if some nodes fail, the entire system can still resist danger, and users can obtain information in it, not just owned by a few companies.

Why does Web3.0 need IPFS and Filecoin?

The first point is ubiquitous advertising.

Why are there so many advertisements? Because the Web's initial way of benefiting-providing services for free, and then making money through advertising. Subsequently, advertising became the default business model of the Web, which continues to this day. This has led to today's Web, where everyone uses ad blockers, and the media uses ad blockers. The media is losing revenue because online advertising is not as profitable as print advertising. To compensate for this, the media relies on improper methods such as clickbait, fake news, and misinformation to attract people's attention.

The second point is that data leakage has become a cyber crisis.

As early as 2017, The Economist announced that data is the new "oil". It was mentioned in many meetings in my country last year that data has become a new important production factor. Today, people are racing to collect as much data as possible online. Unfortunately, our data is collected on a large central server, which makes it easy to steal and sell. In the Equifax hacking incident in 2018, the information of 143 million people was stolen; Facebook and Google had data breaches in the same year. The lesson here is that no system is truly secure. Once you start storing data in a centralized server, there will be incentives for someone to steal the data. Every system can be cracked.

The third point is data loss.

Two thousand years ago, the Library of Alexandria was burned down, and the fire destroyed thousands of precious documents in our history. Everyone thinks this is a human tragedy.

However, this kind of thing happens on the Web every day.

Everyone has had this experience. You try to access a link, but you get a 404 error, the link is broken, and the page is lost.

The average life span of a website is about 100 days.

Every month, 2% of online links disappear forever.

And Web 3.0 is dedicated to repairing the above-mentioned problems.

Just like information, in the next few decades, the transfer of value will be global, instant, free, and accessible to everyone. So there is a crazy idea to put every application we use today on the Web. Today, we have many decentralized applications. This is a movement. In all areas-whether it is currency, banking, payment, advertising, supply chain-people are building decentralized versions of the applications we use today.

Is the future space of IPFS/Filecoin really infinite?

From Web 1.0 to Web 3.0, from passive data reading to enthusiastic content creation, data production has exploded and will continue to grow exponentially. According to the 360 research report, the global digital content creation market is expected to reach a market value of $16.9 billion in 2025. The booming owner economic model and exponential growth of data have created huge data storage needs. The development of chip technology, algorithms, hardware, etc. has promoted the progress of storage technology, and the release of data value and the rigid demand for data security have forced storage. Technological innovation and infrastructure construction.

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Mining Structure Interpretation, Distribution and Storage of Filecoin(2022年06月23日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:15:27+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/mining-structure-interpretation-distribution-and-storage-of-filecoin

Filecoin is an open-source, cloud-based decentralized storage network (DSN) designed to maximize data storage and retrieval. Filecoin network uses a mining, storage and retrieval mechanism to connect storage miners (providers) and retrieval miners (servers) with customers who pay for storage and retrieval data. Network participants receive and send token rewards in the form of Filecoin token (FIL) to provide services on the network.

In order to complete this data exchange and make the network transparent and fair to all users, Filecoin's system uses special encryption certificates to verify the number and type of files on the network. This is intended to help prevent inadvertent changes to files.

Ⅰ. Mining Structure Interpretation of Filecoin

Similar to bitcoin, Filecoin miners compete with each other to mine and create blocks. Compared with bitcoin, Filecoin's mining ability is directly related to active storage. The system aims to create an incentive structure for miners to accumulate as much storage space as possible so that they in turn rent the storage space to customers.

The storage and retrieval of data on Filecoin protocol are directly related to the mining mechanism of the whole system. Filecoin aims to adapt to a decentralized and verifiable market structure, which has two main components: the retrieval market and the storage market. The retrieval market exists under the chain, while the storage market is based on the chain.

Filecoin protocol acts as the nerve center for running order book, allocation table and transaction broadcasting system. The center provides services for the upper and lower parts of the system by sending and receiving order matching and settlement information. Miners and customers can then set their own prices for their services and submit orders to the market. In the whole process, Filecoin network benefits three main types of users:

1. The storage miner that receives tokens by providing storage;

2. Miner receives the token by providing data;

3. Customers who pay for the data storage and retrieval.

Ⅱ. Filecoin Distribution and Storage

Filecoin builds a highly complex cloud-based solution for data storage and retrieval. The balance created by the Filecoin protocol operating on either side of the data storage market (by retrieving and storing data) is critical to ensure transparent and equal access. At the same time, the protocol provides users with incentives to receive FIL tokens based on the provider's mining capacity in proportion to the miner's active storage space.

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The Golden Shovel of Filecoin Mining Era!(2022年06月22日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:14:36+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/the-golden-shovel-of-filecoin-mining-era

1. New Track of Filecoin Mining

With the advent of the era of 5G, the Internet of things and big data, human data is growing rapidly at the rate of doubling every 18 months. The need to store these data, remove duplicate data and search has become increasingly important. A large market of several trillion dollars has been formed, which requires a safe, reliable and huge infrastructure.

At present, the most advanced and leading technology in this track is IPFS or Filecoin, which overcomes most of the weaknesses of data storage technologies such as a centralized database in the past. In particular, it provides data security to blockchain distributed nodes and achieves the self-control of data producers. Therefore, IPFS is known as the "file system that will never disappear".

The main network of Filecoin has been launched for three months, and the data stored on the whole network has exceeded 2EB, equivalent to 200 Google data.

Filecoin is a star project in the coin circle in 2020. According to the data from BlockVC, there are at least 200 to 300 Filecoin miner sellers in China, and the sales volume of several leading manufacturers even exceeds 1 billion yuan. The cost of the mining machine was blown to about 100000 yuan.

2. Pain Points of Filecoin Mining

Based on the development of Filecoin and the special mining mechanism, currently, FIL miners need to face many problems, such as mining machine performance, pledge currency, GAS fee, packaging hour, mining revenue distribution, mining machine life, computing contract cycle, etc., which make the selection of computing service providers and the protection of mining revenue difficult.

There are even following behaviors in the market. For example, the mining machine can't dig out the mine, the distribution of mining income is non-transparent, the return cycle is lengthened, and the computing contract cycle is shortened.

The lack of standards in the Filecoin mining industry has led to a decline in the reputation of the industry. At the same time, it has also blocked a lot of foreign funds from the market, which not only damages the interests of miners, but also greatly limits the development of the industry.

In addition, Filecoin miners put a lot of capital into the costs of mining machinery, pledge currency, GAS fee and so on, and the capital liquidity is greatly limited. In particular, most large-scale miners are faced with the problem of capital liquidity.

Can the large amount of computing power owned by large miners circulate in the secondary market to obtain better financial services? If miners can really trade their own computing power in the secondary market, will it create a new financial market based on FIL mining ecology?

Stocking up money is better than speculating money, and mining is the most stable and convenient way to obtain value assets at low cost. To do good work must first sharpen the tools. If Filecoin is a gold mine, SFIL is the gold shovel.

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Storage and Data Retrieval and Consensus Algorithm of Filecoin(2022年06月22日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:13:58+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/storage-and-data-retrieval-and-consensus-algorithm-of-filecoin

In recent years, some challenges faced by cloud based storage providers have become increasingly tough. These difficulties include lack of trust, unreliable security, limited connectivity, poor scalability, and excessive reliance on centralized providers. For example, system hacking and accidental data loss are common problems in the existing cloud storage ecosystem. Filecoin proposes solutions to these problems. As a cloud-based distributed storage network (DSN) based on InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), it interacts with Ethereum blockchain and uses its unique utility token FIL.

FIL is traded by network participants for services within the Filecoin ecosystem. Customers use tokens to store and retrieve data, while miners use tokens to store and provide data. Filecoin storage protocol is open source, owned and built by all network participants, aiming to benefit everyone equally. The Filecoin platform has three main attributes designed to create value for network participants and promote their continuous operation:

1. Storage and retrieval of data on Filecoin;

2. Filecoin consensus algorithm;

3. Filecoin mining structure.

Ⅰ. Filecoin Storage and Data Retrieval

Data storage is a truly valuable resource, but some people believe that the global cloud storage market can benefit from drastic reforms. The goal of Filecoin is to build a network with a large number of storage providers, which can meet the different needs of different customers. Reducing costs, improving retrieval speed and data storage redundancy are some modifications that may attract customers to use Filecoin.

The smart contract between storage miners, storage providers and customers is enabled through blockchain technology and encryption certificate to verify that the file storage protocol has not been abused or changed. In addition, Filecoin can be used to store and retrieve almost any type of data:

1. Private and personal data;

2. Application data and Decentralized Applications (DApps, Decentralized Applications) website;

3. Company files and contract information;

4. Public data sets and security files;

5. Video, podcast and website data.

Ⅱ. Filecoin Consensus Algorithm

Filecoin claims to use the most advanced encrypted storage proof construction to ensure that data is stored safely and accurately within a specified period of time. The network should also be able to resolve any discrepancies that may occur during the entire storage process. The Filecoin protocol uses three different proof-based mechanisms, which are built into the consensus algorithm of the Filecoin storage network:

1. Proof of Spacetime (PoSt)

Give the Filecoin blockchain the ability to encrypt and verify whether the whole file is stored in a constant manner within the agreed time range. Proof of Spacetime consists of two different mechanisms. The first is the window Proof of Spacetime (Window PoSt), in which the promises made by the storage miner are audited in 24-hour increments, so as to publish the zk-SNARK compression certificate to the blockchain. The second is the Winning Proof of Spacetime (Winning PoSt), in which the miner is rewarded for his contribution to the network.

2. Proof of Replication (PoRep)

Enables the Filecoin blockchain to verify the agreed number of copies of stored files in an encrypted manner.

3. Proof of Storage (PoSt)

Allow the Filecoin blockchain to prove those network participants who claim to provide a specified amount of storage space are indeed doing so.

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FIL MINER-distributed storage service provider(2022年06月21日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:13:26+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/info/2

FIL MINER focuses on AI computing power. It is a high-tech enterprise integrating distributed storage hardware procurement, software research and development, solution planning, IDC computer room hosting, and cloud server operation and maintenance. The core team is composed of a number of national high-tech and professional talents, with more than ten years of experience in distributed storage, cloud computing, big data and other industries, and provides customers with cost-effective AI computing power products and services.

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What Is the Blockchain?(2022年06月21日)

filminer — 2022-06-21T15:12:28+0900

https://www.filminer.co/blog/what-is-the-blockchain

Blockchain technology will not only thoroughly change the financial or healthcare industry but also completely change many aspects of business, government and even our personal life. The problem is that there is too much speculation and misunderstanding. It is hoped that everyone can understand the basic knowledge of what blockchains are and how they work, even without a priori necessary technical knowledge.
Basically, a blockchain is a computer file used to store data and information. Like any computer file (including the document you are reading now), it exists in digital storage media, such as a computer hard disk drive. It takes the form of a string of binary 1 and 0, which can be processed by the computer for human reading.

However, blockchains have three attributes. Although they are not unique, putting them together means that their functions are very different from other types of computer files.

1. Blockchain Files Are Distributed

Theoretically, the file containing this article can be simply stored on a computer and accessed through the Internet, no matter how many people want to read it. On the other hand, the blockchain is completely copied on many computers.

This means that there are no people or entities (for example, a company or government) can control the content of a blockchain file. Although people who control the computer that stores the file you are reading can edit it, they can make any changes they like, but the blockchain is not how it played out. A blockchain can be edited only when there is a consensus between the computer networks that store different but the same version of the blockchain. This is due to the second fundamental innovation of the blockchain----cryptography.

2. The Cryptography of Blockchain Files

From "secret writing" in ancient Greek, fundamentally, the data constituting the blockchain is encoded. In order to change the data, or in some cases (depending on the type of blockchain) even read the data, you need to have a private key corresponding to the correct "block" in the chain.

If you have access to the computer where the document you are reading is stored, editing the document becomes simple. However, if this document is stored in a blockchain, you need to input a code to prove that you have the right to make changes. If the code does not match, the change will not be accepted by other copies of the document, which are distributed on many (possibly unlimited) other computers as described above.

3. The fundamental Innovation of Blockchain files is Openness

Blockchain files are public to some extent. This may mean that anyone can access, just like the Bitcoin blockchain, or anyone allowed to view it can access, just like the blockchain deployed within the organization or enterprise for internal use. This means that anyone on the network can monitor changes to files, even if they do not necessarily have editing rights or access to all data in unencrypted form.

Putting all these elements together means that the "Double Spending" problem inherent in previous digital data is solved for the first time. Since computer files (data) can be copied and shared indefinitely, it is usually impossible to use them as a value storage (such as gold, cash or valuable works of Art). Unlike blockchain technology, this leads to its description as an "Internet of Value".

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