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Why do robots use harmonic reducer but not ordinary reducer? Because the robot requires a small size and high precision. Only the harmonic reducer can reach high precision, small gap, large deceleration ratio, and small size. In line with the needs of small and medium-sized robot flexibility, harmonic and planetary robot gearbox are typically used on a robotic arm joint.

What is a gearbox in a robot?
Robot gearboxes are part of the joints in robot arms.The joints ensure maneuverability while the gearboxes determine the speed and direction of movement. They are the link between the motor that supplies the drive energy and a machine component that has the task of executing a planned movement.

How does a robot gearbox work?
The transmission ratio of the harmonic drive reducer is larger than the ordinary reducer. Since the number of meshing teeth is large, its carrying capacity and transmission are very high; the power range from a few watts to several tens of kilowatts, and it has no impact and noise; The harmonic reducer can achieve a space mechanism for passing motion and power such as sealing harmonic transmission deceleration devices, and drives spatial mechanisms operating in vacuum, corrosion, and other harmful media; in addition to this, harmonic transmission can also be used Implement high-speed speed motion such as hand generators, wind turbines, and convenient implementation of differential transmission.

Robot Gearbox Design
60% to 70% of the robot's rotary joints use harmonic gears. The harmonic gear transmission mechanism is composed of three main parts: rigid gear, harmonic generator and flexible gear. When working, the rigid gear is fixedly installed, each tooth is evenly distributed on the circumference, and the flexible gear with external tooth shape rotates along the internal teeth of the rigid gear. The flexible gear has two fewer teeth than the rigid gear, so the flexible gear rotates through the corresponding angle of the two teeth in the opposite direction for each revolution of the rigid gear. The harmonic generator has an elliptical profile, and the balls mounted on the harmonic generator are used to support the flexible gear, and the harmonic generator drives the flexible gear to rotate and make it plastically shaped. When rotating, only a few teeth of the elliptical end of the flexible gear mesh with the rigid gear. Only in this way, the flexible gear can freely rotate through a certain angle relative to the rigid gear.

Robot Arm Gearbox

The Characteristics of Laifual's Robot Planetary Gearboxes and Harmonic Drives in Robotics
As a professional robot planetary gearboxes manufacturer, our harmonic and planetary drive gearboxes have the advantages of lightweight, free gear gap, high torque capacity, etc. They can be widely used in industrial robots, imitation robots, semiconductor liquid crystal production device, photovoltaic equipment, optical instruments, precision machine tools and other robotic cutting-end areas.

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