Present Situation and Future Development Prospect of Effluent Treatment Industry

(2021年)

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According to statistics, the annual effluent volume in China is about 35 billion cubic meters at present, but the centralized treatment rate of urban effluent is only 15%. More than 80% of the urban effluent in China is directly discharged into the nearby water bodies without any effective collection and treatment, which makes rivers with the functions of flood discharge and landscape beautification become sewage discharge sites. Especially in 2200 county towns and 19200 towns, the effluent discharge accounts for more than half of the total effluent discharge, but the effluent treatment capacity of these small and medium-sized cities (towns) is obviously lower than the national average.

According to statistics, there are 427 urban effluent treatment plants in China, including 282 secondary treatment plants. The construction of these effluent treatment plants has greatly improved the treatment level of urban effluent, but the increase of treatment capacity still lags far behind the increase of effluent discharge. The gap between them has a tendency to widen further. Even in 1998, the treatment rate of urban effluent in China was only 15.8%. Western developed countries such as the United States reached 70% in 1980.

Analysis of the Present Situation and Future Development Prospect of Effluent Treatment Industry

In 2018, the national rural effluent discharge was about 23 billion tons, which continued to increase by 7.5% year-on-year. Rural effluent pollution has become the main manifestation of rural environmental pollution, with a serious impact on the natural environment such as water and land in rural areas. In order to ensure the safety of rural water sources and the health of farmers, it is urgent to treat rural effluent.

The 13th Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Improvement of Rural Environment in China proposes that the rural effluent treatment rate in China should reach over 30% by 2020. The rural effluent treatment market will face a historic development opportunity. In 2018, the rural effluent treatment industry generated an output value of about 61.4 billion yuan, which is expected to reach 140 billion yuan by 2024. In 2020, the output value of rural effluent treatment in China will reach 84.4 billion yuan with a treatment rate of 30%. In 2035, the output value will reach 130.5 billion yuan with a treatment rate of 58%.

China's per capita water resources are only a quarter of the global average. It is a country with relatively scarce per capita water resources. Moreover, China's water resources are unevenly distributed. East and south are rich in water resources, while west and north are poor in water resources. By the end of 2018, China's total water resources were 2,796 billion cubic meters and the per capita water resources were 2004 cubic meters per person, which was only 1/4 of the world average.

More than 90% of China's population lives in about 35% of the land area east of the Heihe-Tengchong line. The imbalance of population distribution aggravates the differentiation of per capita water resources among regions. At present, two-thirds of cities in China are in a state of water shortage. 140 cities are in a state of severe water shortage. According to internationally recognized standards, the per capita water resources of 12 provinces and regions in China are lower than the severe water shortage line. There are 8 provinces and districts (Tianjin, Ningxia, Beijing, Shandong, Shanghai, Hebei, Henan, and Shanxi) with per capita water resources less than 500 cubic meters. They are extremely short of water. China has a monsoon climate. The spatial and temporal distribution of water resources is uneven. There are great differences in the natural environment between the north and south. The per capita water resources in North China are less than 500 cubic meters.

At present, there are many enterprises in the industrial effluent treatment industry, but most of them are small in scale. CR10 (Concentration Ratio) is lower than 10%. With the development of the industry in the future, the industry concentration is expected to increase.

In recent years, the number and treatment capacity of urban effluent treatment plants in China has increased rapidly. By 2017, China had built 4,119 urban effluent treatment plants. The effluent treatment capacity reaches 182 million tons/day. It is estimated that by 2020, China's urban effluent treatment capacity is expected to reach 205 million tons/day.

At present, more than 70% of towns, more than 90% of townships, and 80% of administrative villages in China have not yet treated domestic effluent. There is huge room for improvement. However, the annual compound growth rate of rural effluent treatment capacity is about 8%, which is a low growth rate.

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