臓器移植法改正、見えぬ機運 「今国会で」全体の2割

(2009年06月03日)

004602009年06月03日朝刊2社会03000966文字衆参両院の全議員を対象とした朝日新聞のアンケートでは、今国会で臓器移植法を改正すべきだと答えた議員は回答者の64％に上った。その6割以上がA案を支持する議員たち。だが、今国会で改正すべきだとの立場を明確にした議員は全議員の中では21％にとどまる。改正への機運の盛り上がりは読み取れない。＝1面参照
改正が必要な理由（複数回答）としては、「15歳未満の子どもから脳死下の提供ができない」（44％）、「提供者が少ない」（40％）を選んだ議員が多く、国内で移植が広がらない現状を問題とみている人が多い。海外で移植を受けようとすることに「国際的な批判がある」ということを理由に挙げる人も35％いた。
今国会で改正すべきでないと答えたのは11％。その7割弱はC案を支持した。
アンケートでは、各案への賛否のほかに、大きな論点になっている脳死の問題や本人の意思表示が必要かどうかについても尋ねた。
「脳死は人の死と改めるべきだ」と答えたのは27％にとどまった。「脳死は一律に死」を掲げるA案の賛成者でみると、「脳死は人の死」を選んだ人が60％いたが、「現行法通り臓器提供の場合に限り人の死」を選んだ人が23％いた。A案とD案（15歳未満）の提供条件になっている「家族の同意があれば、本人の意思表示は不要」は賛成32％だった。
A～C案に賛同できない人を取り込もうと衆院厚生労働委員会の理事らが作った折衷案、D案の支持は27％と伸び悩んでいる。

■各案支持者の意見
A案（44％） B案（5％） C案（13％） D案（27％） 回答者全体
今国会中に改正を
92％ 100％ 23％ 86％ 64％
改正が必要なのは提供者が少ないから
68％ 50％ 0％ 57％ 40％
改正が必要なのは脳死に疑問が生じているから
5％ 8％ 37％ 5％ 8％
「脳死は人の死」とすべきだ
60％ 8％ 0％ 29％ 27％
0歳から提供できるようにすべきだ
78％ 17％ 3％ 84％ 45％
（かっこ内は回答者の割合。支持者は、各案を「最も支持する」「賛成する可能性がある」と答えた議員の合計）

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